Operating System Basics

What this chapter covers

Operating System Basics is 4% of the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing H13-511 exam. It covers what an operating system does and how it is built, the main OS families and Linux distributions such as openEuler, the Linux directory tree, and the basic Linux commands for files, users, permissions, networking and services, plus the vi editor.

Questions are single-answer, multiple-answer without a stated count, true/false, drag and drop and typed fill-in-the-blank, often "Which of the following statements is true?". This exam has no exhibit figures, so every question is plain text, and typed answers are often a command name.

It has 2 outline topics, and one page covers them.

How the topics fit together

The OS sits between hardware and applications. Linux is the OS that cloud platforms run on, including the hosts and management nodes of Huawei virtualization products, so an engineer must be able to move around a Linux shell.

Learn the role of the kernel and the shell first, then the directory tree, then the commands.

How to use these pages

Each topic page has the same shape, so you can skim for what you need.

• What it is: the idea in plain words.
• How it works: the mechanism, with tables and examples.
• What to remember for the exam: the facts to memorize.
• Common mistakes: the classic traps.
• Check yourself: three questions to test your understanding.

For each command you meet, say what it does and one common option before reading on. The exam often names a task and asks which command performs it.